Lost in translation: the history of the Ebers Papyrus and Dr. Carl H. von Klein

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2023.1755

Keywords:

Ancient Egyptian medicine, Ebers Papyrus, Carl H. von Klein, translation

Abstract

While the Ebers Papyrus is understood to be one of the oldest and most complete contemporaneous perspectives on Ancient Egyptian healing practices, nothing has yet been said about the biography of its first English-language translator, Dr. Carl H. von Klein. A German immigrant and surgeon in the American Midwest, von Klein spent twenty-some years meticulously translating and annotating the Papyrus, but ultimately his manuscript was destroyed. In this paper, we examine the societal- and personal-scale forces that thwarted his efforts to transform our understanding of the history of medicine.

References

“Noble Savant Ill in Charity Ward: Dr. Carl Von Klein, Scholar and Writer Who Spent Fortune in Research, Now Is Penniless.” The Inter Ocean, 8 Dec 1913:1.

Von Klein, CH. Record of Naturalization of Citizenship. Bartholomew County Court, Indiana USA, 1 Jun 1877.

vonKlein, Carolo. Tabulæ Anatomicæ Osteologiae. Cincinnati Lithographic Co., 1883.

“A Letter from Russia.” The Republic, 28 Dec 1877:2.

Crew, Harvey W. History of Dayton, Ohio. United Brethren Publishing, House Publishers, 1889.

Flexner, A. Medical Education in the United States and Canada: A Report to The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. D.B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, 1910.

Von Klein, Carl H. “The Medical Features of the Papyrus Ebers.” JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, Dec 1905; XLV(26):1928-1935.

“Smothered.” Dayton Herald, 1 Mar 1889:3.

Bartlow, Bert S., et al. Centennial History of Butler County, Ohio. B. F. Bowen & Co., 1905.

Williams’ Hamilton City and Butler County Directory for 1883-84. Williams & Co., Publishers, 1883.

“Microscopic Association.” Dayton Herald, 27 May 1884:2.

“Notice.” Dayton Herald, 25 Sept 1884:2.

“City Items.” The Dayton Herald, 5 Sept 1887:3.

“Mummy Reveals Secret of Sphinx.” Inter Ocean, 3 Feb 1906:1–2.

“Cincinnati Items.” The Lancet-Clinic, Aug 1911; 106(7):155.

“Medical News.” JAMA, vol. 52, no. 2, Jan 1909:141.

Von Klein, Carl H. Gynecological Stirrup. 357.694.

“Von Klein’s Intubation Thimble.” JAMA, Dec 1890; XV(23):840-841.

Ivins, H. F. Diseases of the Nose and Throat: A Text-Book for Students and Practitioners. The F.A. Davis Co Publishers, 1893.

“Recent Inventions.” The Pacific Bee, 14 June 1899:3.

Von Klein, Carl H. Malt Juice. 12.694.

“News Notes.” Dayton Herald, 22 Feb 1884:3.

“Medical Society.” Dayton Herald, 4 Apr 1885:3.

“Personal.” Lancaster New Era, 2 Sept 1887:2.

“News Items.” Chicago Medical Recorder, 1898; XIV(1):86.

Breasted, James Henry. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. University of Chicago Press, 1930.

Bryan, Cyril P. The Papyrus Ebers: Ancient Egyptian Medicine. Geoffrey Bles, 1930.

Wycoff, Minnie Elizabeth. Builders of a City: A History of Batesville. Batesville Area Historical Society, 2003.

Ebers, Georg. Uarda: Roman Aus Dem Alten Ägypten. 1st ed., Druck und Verlag von Eduard Hallberger, 1877.

Ebers, Georg. Eine Aegyptishe Königstochter. 1st ed., Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1883.

Ebers, Georg. Die Nilbraut. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1887.

Marchand, Suzanne L. Down from Olympus: Archaeology and Philhellenism in Germany, 1750-1970. Princeton University Press, 2003.

Kilgour, F. G. “Locating Information in an Egyptian Text of the 17th Century B.C.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1993; 44(5):292–97.

Nunn, J. F. Ancient Egyptian Medicine. University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.

Fitch, W. E. “Papyrus Ebers.” Pediatrics, Mar 1912; XXIV(3):113.

von Klein, Carl H. “Papyrus Ebers.” Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jan 1912:94.

Holmes, Bayard, and P. Gad Kitterman. Medicine in Ancient Egypt: The Hieratic Material. Lancet-Clinic Press, 1914.

“P.G. Kitterman, Doctor-Author, Is Dead at 83.” St. Lucie News Tribune, 22 Feb 1961:3.

“Dies Und Das.” Tagliches Cincinnati Volksblatt, 12 Jan 1916:8.

“Ohio Doctors to Speak in St. Louis.” St. Louis Globe Democrat, 18 Mar 1913:7.

Du Bois, W. E. B. Black Folk Then and Now. Oxford University Press, 1939.

Reid, Donald M. Whose Pharaohs? Archaeology, Museums, and Egyptian National Identity from Napoleon to World War I. University of California Press, 2002.

Wilson, John Albert. Biographical Memoir of James Henry Breasted, 1865-1935. National Academy of Sciences, 1937.

von Klein, Carl H. Letter to Prof. James H. Breasted. 3 Jun 1905. Breasted Archives at the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures of the University of Chicago.

Zitelmann, Dr. Franz C. Letter to Mr. Pratt Judson. 26 May 1905. Breasted Archives at the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures of the University of Chicago.

Breasted, James Henry. Letter to Carl H. von Klein. 7 Jun 1905. Breasted Archives at the Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures of the University of Chicago.

“The Whirl of Society.” Inter Ocean, 15 Jun 1913:6.

“Academy of Notre Dame.” The Dayton Herald, 26 Jun 1890:2.

“Local.” Brookville Democrat, 11 Jun 1896:8.

“Now You Must Speak Italian.” Inter Ocean, 7 Dec 1902:49.

“Events of Interest during the Past Week.” Inter Ocean, 14 Feb 1904:44.

“The Oldest Medical Book.” Topeka Daily Herald, 3 Mar 1906:10.

“Chicago Scientist Discovers Ancient Secret of the Sphinx: Girl Who Helped Translate Egyptian Papyrus, Ancient Document, and Picture.” Inter Ocean, 3 Feb 1906:1.

“Weddings.” Inter Ocean, 15 June 1905:6.

Eisinger, J. “New York and Pasadena (1930-1931).” Einstein on the Road, Prometheus Books, 2011.

“He Had ‘Winning Ways.’” Arkansas Gazette, 12 Apr 1913:1.

State v. Von Klein. 71 Or. 159, 161, 1914.

“'Man of Mystery' Admits He Is E. E. C. von Klein.” The Daily News, 12 Apr 1913:3.

“‘Man of Mystery’ Professor’s Son, But Still Puzzle.” Chicago Tribune, 11 Apr 1913:1.

“Dr. Carl H. Von Klein.” New York Times, 13 Dec 1913:13.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-02

Issue

Section

History Matters